Jenis Pemisah Magnetik Apa yang Kami Suplai?

Abstract: Magnetic separation technology plays a pivotal role in modern mineral processing, with equipment design directly impacting efficiency and sustainability. From dry to wet systems, weak to high-gradient magnetic fields, this guide explores the diverse types of magnetic separators available—each tailored to specific ore characteristics and industrial needs. Discover how advancements in permanent magnet materials and superconducting technology are driving cleaner, more energy-efficient solutions for the mining sector.

Pendahuluan

Apakah peralatan pemisahan magnetik is reasonable, advanced, and efficient determines the overall effectiveness of the beneficiation process. Paying attention to research on magnetic separation equipment can further optimize the mine beneficiation process. Centralized crushing and centralized sorting may become the trend of the future mining industry. With the increasing scarcity of mineral resources and the continuous improvement of production requirements, the sorting requirements of energy and mining materials will continue to increase.

The particle size of magnetite inclusions is not uniform. To separate individual magnetite particles that meet process requirements, the minimum inclusion particle size must be used as the grinding standard. In the design of magnetic separation equipment, mechanical factors that facilitate material separation—such as air force, centrifugal force, gravity, electric field force, and water capacity—should be incorporated to achieve efficient separation.

Although magnetic separation equipment is a clean separation method, it inevitably consumes large amounts of electricity and water. As the mining industry places increasing emphasis on energy conservation and emissions reduction, the upgrading and retrofitting of magnetic separation equipment have become an important component of these efforts. Magnetic separation is a material separation and processing technology widely used across numerous industrial sectors. In the field of mineral processing, magnetic separation technology has made significant progress. Thanks to advancements in permanent magnet materials, improvements in their performance, and the gradual increase in the magnetic energy product of permanent magnets, magnetic separation equipment has also experienced rapid development. Magnetic separators come in a wide variety of configurations, and there are numerous classification methods.

• Menurut kekuatan medan magnet, ini dibagi menjadi weak magnetic separator, medium magnetic separator, and strong magnetic separator;
• Menurut media pemisahannya, ini dibagi menjadi pemisah magnetik kering dan pemisah magnetik basah;
• According to the magnetic source, it is divided into the permanent magnet magnetic separator and the electromagnetic magnetic separator.

What Types of Magnetic Separators Are There?

1. Pemisah Magnetik Kuat Kering

Dry strong magnetic separators have been used in industry for more than 50 years, mainly for the separation of coarse-grained minerals. With the development of rare earth permanent magnet materials, a permanent magnet roller magnetic separator with a higher magnetic force than a strong magnetic field electromagnetic separator has been manufactured. Although the magnetic induction intensity is not easy to adjust, it is possible to design a roller magnetic separator that can handle materials with different particle sizes and different specific magnetic susceptibility by selecting the permanent magnet material reasonably and optimizing the geometry of the roller. The weight and size of the permanent magnet roller magnetic separator are smaller than those of the electromagnetic induction roller magnetic separator, and there is no air gap, which can handle large particles, making the permanent magnet roller magnetic separator have a great technical and economic effect. First, magnets of different grades and sizes can be used to reduce costs; second, electromagnetic modeling software can be used to optimize magnet design. For the dry pre-selection of weak magnetic iron ore, in recent years, the dry-type strong magnetic separator has been used to replace the gravity separation equipment, so the pre-selection index has been significantly improved.

2. Dry Weak Magnetic Separator

Tujuan utama pemisah magnetik lemah kering adalah untuk menghilangkan serbuk besi dan kotoran feromagnetik atau untuk memperkaya komponen berguna feromagnetik. Magnet yang ditangguhkan, katrol magnetik, magnet pelat, atau magnet batang kisi umumnya digunakan untuk menghilangkan serbuk besi dan kotoran feromagnetik, sedangkan drum magnetik terutama digunakan untuk memperkaya komponen yang berguna secara feromagnetik. Saat ini, pemisah magnetik lemah kering umumnya digunakan di tambang di negara saya untuk memilih mineral magnetik yang kuat. Sebelum penghancuran kasar, penghancuran sedang, penghancuran halus, dan penggilingan, penggunaan pemisahan magnetik lemah kering bijih bongkahan dapat membuang lebih dari 80% batuan limbah yang tercampur ke dalam bijih, yang meningkatkan kapasitas pemrosesan penggilingan, meningkatkan kadar bijih untuk penggilingan, dan mengurangi konsumsi energi.

3. Wet Weak Magnetic Separator

The magnetic drum separator is the most commonly used wet-weak magnetic separator. With the emergence of NdFeB permanent magnet materials, the permanent magnet magnetic separator has almost completely replaced the electromagnetic drum magnetic separator. This magnetic separator is mainly used to recover the medium in heavy medium beneficiation, such as magnetite and ferrosilicon. The enrichment of strong magnetic minerals is another application of this magnetic separator. The use of rare earth permanent magnets and further improvements in their properties have expanded the wet-type magnetic separator to separate medium-magnetic and weakly-magnetic materials.

Magnet pemisah drum magnet permanen tersedia dalam dua desain: konfigurasi radial dan konfigurasi aksial.

• Dalam konfigurasi radial, polaritas magnet permanen bergantian di sepanjang lebar laras;
• In the axial configuration, the polarity of the permanent magnets alternates along the barrel’s circumference.
  The radial configuration umumnya digunakan untuk meningkatkan tingkat pemulihan bahan feromagnetik. Perubahan polaritas magnet yang disusun secara aksial menyebabkan partikel yang disortir jatuh pada permukaan magnet, sehingga melepaskan partikel non-magnetik yang terperangkap dari produk magnetik, yang dapat meningkatkan kadar konsentrat magnetik.

A pemisah magnetik drum basah adalah peralatan penyortiran utama untuk bijih besi magnetik yang kuat. Saat ini, kemajuan besar telah dicapai dalam metode pengumpanan bijih, desain sistem magnetik, jenis tangki, mekanisme transmisi, skala besar, spesialisasi, dan efisiensi tinggi.

The selection equipment for strong magnetic iron ore includes low-field-strength multi-pole magnetic separators, magnetic aggregation machines, magnetic separation columns, vertical pulse vibration magnetic separators, low-field-strength pulsation magnetic separators, low-field-strength self-weight jumper Elimination machines, etc. Its typical feature is to use the combined action of a weak magnetic field and gravitational field to remove the magnetically mixed gangue and improve the iron grade of the concentrate. Moreover, the selection effect is good.

4. Wet Magnetic Separator and High Gradient Magnetic Separator

Introducing the medium into the magnetic circuit of the magnetic separator can make the magnetic separation method process the materials that were considered too fine and too weak to select other materials in the past. Jones studied this in 1960 and combined the Frantz concept of magnetized media with strong magnetic fields. A more advanced magnetic separator design according to the Jones concept is the SALA high-gradient magnetic separator. Although a variety of multi-cycle and continuous wet high-gradient magnetic separators have been designed and manufactured, only a few magnetic separators can meet the mining industry’s requirements. The purification of kaolin and the beneficiation of iron ore and placer are examples of successful applications of this magnetic separator.

Bijih besi magnetik lemah berbutir halus harus dipisahkan dengan peralatan pemisahan magnetik yang kuat. Dua jenis SHP dan SLON saat ini banyak digunakan di pabrik pengolahan bijih besi dalam negeri. Perwakilan khas dari jenis peralatan ini adalah pemisah magnetik gradien tinggi berdenyut cincin vertikal, yang merupakan peralatan pemisahan magnetik efisiensi tinggi yang cocok untuk menyortir mineral magnetik lemah berbutir halus. 

The advantages of the vertical ring pulsating high gradient magnetic separator:

• Rasio pengayaan yang besar
• Efisiensi penyortiran yang tinggi
• Media magnetik tidak mudah diblokir
• Kemampuan beradaptasi yang kuat terhadap fluktuasi ukuran, konsentrasi, dan kadar partikel pengumpanan
• Pekerjaan yang dapat diandalkan
• Mudah dioperasikan dan dirawat

Penerapan teknologi superkonduktor dalam pemisahan magnetik

Meskipun penerapan teknologi superkonduktor pada peralatan proses pemisahan magnetik sangat penting, namun kepentingannya dalam pemisahan magnetik tampaknya belum terwujud. Karena kebutuhan akan induksi magnetik di atas 2T belum terlihat, keuntungan utama magnet superkonduktor adalah berkurangnya konsumsi energi dan berat pemisah magnetik. Magnet superkonduktor juga dapat diaplikasikan dalam konfigurasi heliks gradien terbuka tanpa menggunakan media untuk menghasilkan gaya magnet yang kuat dalam volume besar. Menghilangkan besi magnetik lemah kuasi-koloid dan titanium oksida untuk memurnikan kaolin adalah tujuan utama pemisah magnetik gradien superkonduktor tinggi.

Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, penerapan magnet permanen tanah jarang berskala besar telah sangat mempercepat proses magnetisasi permanen peralatan pemisahan magnetik. Karena penerapan teknologi tinggi dan pengembangan kontrol otomatis, akurasi penyortiran peralatan pemisahan magnetik semakin tinggi. Terutama dalam meningkatkan akurasi penyortiran, memperluas bidang aplikasi, meningkatkan kapasitas pemrosesan, mengadopsi bahan magnetik baru, menghemat energi, mengurangi konsumsi, dll. Peralatan berskala besar, terspesialisasi, dan hemat energi adalah fokus dari tren perkembangan masa depan dan persaingan pasar peralatan pemisahan magnetik.

Magnetic Separators From JXSC

JXSC provides a comprehensive range of magnetic separation equipment designed for various mineral processing applications. Its product portfolio includes dry magnetic separators, wet drum magnetic separators, high-intensity magnetic separators, high-gradient magnetic separatorsdan electromagnetic separators, covering everything from rough separation and concentration to the recovery of weakly magnetic minerals.

Engineered with high-performance magnetic materials, optimized magnetic field distribution, and robust structural design, JXSC magnetic separators offer advantages such as stable separation performance, low energy consumption, easy maintenance, and long service life. These systems are widely used for processing iron ore, manganese ore, ilmenite, wolframite, cassiterite, rare earth minerals, quartz sand, feldspar, and the recycling of industrial materials.

Whether for small-scale operations or large industrial beneficiation plants, JXSC can provide customized magnetic separation solutions based on ore properties, processing requirements, and production capacity, helping customers improve recovery rates while reducing operating costs and environmental impact.