Pemanfaatan Bijih Besi

What is Iron Ore?

Iron ore is the earliest discovered ore, and the most widely used and most used metal in the world. Iron ore consumption accounts for about 95% of the total metal consumption. Iron ore is mainly used in the iron and steel industry, smelting pig iron with different carbon content (generally more than 2% carbon content) and steel (generally less than 2% carbon content)

Pig iron is usually divided into steel-making pig iron, cast iron, and alloy pig iron according to their uses. Steel is divided into carbon steel and alloy steel according to its constituent elements. Alloy steel is a kind of steel that intends to add one or more elements to improve or obtain some properties based on carbon steel. There are many kinds of elements in the steel, such as chromium, manganese, vanadium, titanium, nickel, molybdenum, and silicon.

People often take the output, variety, and quality of steel and steel as an important indicator to measure the level of industrial, agricultural, national defense, and scientific and technological development of a country.

Iron Ore Distribution in The World

Total sumber daya bijih besi di dunia dihitung sebesar 1964 juta ton menurut kandungan besinya, termasuk 930 ton cadangan industri.

• Northern Hemisphere: total resources 123.7 billion tons, industrial reserves 60 billion tons, accounting for 63% of the world’s total reserves and 64.5% of industrial reserves.
• Southern Hemisphere: total resources 72.56 billion tons, industrial reserves 33 billion tons, accounting for 37% of the world’s total reserves and 35.5% of industrial reserves.
• Europe: the most abundant iron ore resources, with total resources of 622 billion tons, and industrial reserves of 350 million tons.
• South America: total iron ore resources total 462.4 billion tons, with industrial reserves of 188.7 million tons.
• North America: the total amount of resources is 444.4 billion tons, and the industrial reserves are 149 billion tons.
• Oceania: the total amount of resources is 191 billion tons, and the industrial reserves are 109 billion tons.
• Asia: total resources of 171 billion tons, industrial reserves of 102 billion tons, and, lastly, rather poor.
• Africa: the most scarce iron ore resources: 73 billion tons of resources and 33 billion tons of industrial reserves.

Applications of Iron Ore

Iron ore is used as a catalyst for ammonia synthesis (pure magnetite), natural mineral pigments (hematite, specularite, limonite ), feed additives (magnetite, hematite, limonite), and precious medicinal stone (magnetite), but the amount is very small. Iron and steel products are widely used in various sectors of the national economy and all aspects of people’s lives. They are essential basic materials for social production and public life. Since the invention of converter steelmaking in the mid-19th century, steel has been the most important structural material, occupying a very important position in the national economy, and is an important pillar industry of social development, being the most important and most widely used metal material in modern industry.

Iron ore type existing in nature:
There are many kinds of iron ore; about 300 kinds of iron ore and iron-bearing minerals have been found, of which 170 kinds are common. However, under the current technological conditions, magnetite, hematite, magnet hematite, ilmenite, limonite, and siderite are of industrial value.
Iron ore Metallogenic regularity.

Sedimentary Metamorphic Iron Deposit

• Late magmatic iron deposit
• Hydrothermal iron deposit
• Related to volcanic intrusive activities
• Sedimentary iron deposit
• Weathered leaching iron deposit
• Other important iron deposits

Pemanfaatan Bijih Besi: Peralatan dan Diagram Alir

Beneficiation Flowsheet of Iron Ore

The ore dressing technology of iron ore mainly has feeding, crushing, washing, sieving and magnetic separation process, yang iron ore processing equipment are including vibration feeder, trommel scrubber washing machine or log washer or trommel screen, jaw crusher, hammer crusher, double roller crusher, cone crusher, jig separator, magnetic separator to further improve the grade of iron ore concentrate.

Iron Ore Beneficiation Equipment

The Beneficiation of iron ore processing equipment is closely related to the physical and chemical properties of iron ore. Because iron ore is strongly magnetic, with the continuous improvement of magnetic separation technology, the technology of purifying iron ore with magnetic separation has become very mature. Moreover, because the magnetic separation process has no pollution to the environment, the iron ore magnetic separation technology has been popularized and applied in the major mineral processing plants.

Iron Ore Beneficiation Plant

Feeding -> Washing -> Crushing -> Gravity Separation -> Magnetic Separation for Upgrading

Iron Ore Feeding: Can be a vibration feeding machine, a feeding hopper, a belt feeder, a wheel loader, or an excavator that feeds directly. Usually will make the grizzly bar on the vibration feeder or hopper to remove big waste stones first. Depends on the process capacity to choose a suitable iron ore mesin makan.

Iron Ore Washing: The manganese ore washing machine is for washing clean the clay and mud in raw material, the most commonly used are iron ore washing trommel scrubber, iron ore washing trommel screen, and iron ore log washer. Manganese ore trommel scrubber washer is for washing iron ore raw material that has many sticky clays, and iron ore washing trommel screen is for washing iron ore raw material that does not have much sticky clay. Log washer is also widely used for washing iron ore, which can wash the iron very clean. It depends on raw material conditions to choose a suitable iron ore washing machine.

Iron Ore Crushing: Usually, the iron ore feeding material is a large size, after washing, it needs to be crushed into proper, suitable sizes, so the iron ore can be released and separated out by the iron ore separation machine. The crusher type can be a jaw crusher, a fine jaw crusher, a hammer crusher, a cone crusher, or a double roller crusher, depending on the feeding size and output size needed to choose the proper iron ore crusher.

Iron Ore Gravity Separation: After crushing to properly needed size, sometimes sent to the iron ore gravity separation process. The most commonly used iron ore separation machine is the jig separator; this is the best choice of an iron ore mesin pemisah gravitasi. The concentrated ore discharged from the iron jig separator can be used as the final product. If a higher-grade iron ore concentrate is needed, it can be sent to the magnetic separator.

Iron ore Upgrading: if a much higher grade of iron ore is available, it can be upgraded using a magnetic separator to upgrade it. The iron ore pemisah magnetik is also an important iron ore separation machine for final upgrading.

JXSC Mine Machinery Company in China has more than 40 years of professional experience in iron ore washing and separation plants, designs a full set dari manfaat bijih besi process flowcharts, provides a complete set of iron ore processing equipment, can send engineers to the mine site for iron ore separation equipment installation and commissioning guidance. Have already built many iron ore processing plants in African countries.