Logam Nonferrous

What Are Non-Ferrous Metals?

In the narrow sense, the nonferrous metals refer to all metals except iron, manganese, and chromium. In a broad sense, non-ferrous metals also include non-ferrous alloys. Non-ferrous alloys are composed mainly of non-ferrous metal (usually greater than 50%) and contain one or more other elements.
Nonferrous metals are valued for their unique properties that outperform those of ferrous metals in many industrial applications.

Key Characteristics of Nonferrous Metals:

• Corrosion resistant
• Excellent conductivity (heat & electricity)
• Lightweight (for some types)
• Non-magnetic
• Malleable and ductile

Classification of Nonferrous Metals

Dalam aplikasi praktis, logam non-besi biasanya dibagi ke dalam lima kategori:

• Light Metals (Density < 4.5g/cm³): Aluminum, magnesium, potassium, sodium, calcium, strontium, barium, and the like.
• Heavy Metals (Density > 4.5g/cm³): Copper, nickel, cobalt, lead, zinc, tin, antimony, bismuth, cadmium, mercury, and the like.
• Precious Metals: The price is higher than that of common metals, the abundance of the crust is low, the purification is difficult, and the chemical properties are stable, such as gold, silver, and platinum group metals.
• Semi-metal: The property is between metal and non-metal, such as silicon, selenium, tellurium, arsenic, boron, and the like.
• Rare Metals: Including rare light metals such as lithium, strontium, barium, etc. Rare refractory metals such as titanium, zirconium, molybdenum, tungsten, etc.; Rarely dispersed metals such as gallium, indium, antimony, etc. Rare earth metals such as lanthanum, cerium, and lanthanide metals. Radioactive metals such as radium, francium, polonium, uranium, thorium, and the like.

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Nonferrous Metals List

China mendaftarkan besi, kromium, dan mangan sebagai logam besi pada tahun 1958.

Logam nonferrous (kecuali logam hitam 64 jenis logam) termasuk: aluminium, magnesium, kalium, natrium, kalsium, stronsium, barium, tembaga, timbal, seng, timah, kobalt, nikel, antimon, merkuri, kadmium, bismut, emas, perak, platina, rutenium, rhodium, paladium, osmium, iridium, berilium, litium, rubidium, sesium, titanium, zirkonium, hafnium dan vanadium, niobium, tantalum, tungsten, molibdenum, galium, indium, talium, germanium, renium, lantanum, serium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, disprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium dan lutetium, skandium, yttrium, dan thorium.

Nonferrous Alloys: Enhanced Performance

When nonferrous metals combine with other elements (>50% base metal), they form superior alloys with:

• Higher strength & hardness
• Improved temperature resistance

Common Alloys Include:

• Aluminum alloys (aircraft components)
• Copper alloys (brass, bronze)
• Nickel superalloys (turbine blades)

The strength and hardness of non-ferrous alloys are generally higher than those of pure metals; the electrical resistance is larger than that of pure metals, the temperature coefficient of resistance is small, and it has good comprehensive mechanical properties.

Paduan non-besi yang umum digunakan adalah paduan aluminium, paduan tembaga, paduan magnesium, paduan nikel, paduan timah, paduan niobium, paduan titanium, paduan seng, paduan molibdenum, paduan zirkonium, dan sejenisnya.

Critical Applications Across Industries

Karena logam langka sangat penting dalam industri modern, logam ini terkadang dipisahkan dari logam non-besi dan menjadi satu kelas. Dan disandingkan dengan logam besi dan logam non-besi, menjadi tiga kategori utama logam.

Non-ferrous metals are not only the basic materials for the development of the national economy & people’s daily life, but also are essential materials and important materi strategis for the national defense industry and the development of science & technology. Agricultural modernization, industrial modernization, national defense, and the modernization of science and technology are all inseparable from non-ferrous metals. For example, cutting-edge weapons such as airplanes, missiles, rockets, satellites, nuclear submarines, and the components or components required for cutting-edge technologies such as atomic energy, television, communications, radar, and electronic computers are mostly made of light metals and rare metals in non-ferrous metals; There are no non-ferrous metals such as nickel, cobalt, tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium and niobium, and there is no production of alloy steel.

Logam non-besi saat ini telah menjadi dasar material yang penting untuk menentukan perkembangan ekonomi, ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi, serta konstruksi pertahanan nasional suatu negara. Ini adalah sumber daya strategis utama untuk meningkatkan kekuatan komprehensif negara dan menjaga keamanan nasional. Khususnya di negara-negara industri, mereka berlomba-lomba mengembangkan industri logam non-besi dan meningkatkan cadangan strategis logam non-besi.

At JXSC Mining Solutions (since 1985), we provide cutting-edge mineral processing technologies for nonferrous metals extraction. Facing mineral processing challenges? Contact our experts today.