Machines à laver les pierres : Classification et sécurité d'utilisation

Les stone washing machine, also called a machine à laver le sable, is used for desliming and screening large quantities of sand and gravel at construction sites, sand and gravel factories, prefabrication plants, and hydroelectric construction sites, and can also be used for ore sorting operations. Stone washing machines enhance efficiency, reduce impurities, and help meet environmental standards by minimizing dust and debris. Stone washing machines can be roughly divided into machines de lavage de sable en spirale, machines de lavage de pierres à tambour, machines de lavage de pierres vibrantes, machines de lavage de pierres à godet et machines de lavage de pierres à cylindre..

Next, we will explore different types of sand and stone washing machines, highlight essential safety rules to prevent accidents and maximize operational longevity.

Types de machines à laver les sables

Machine à laver les sables en spirale

Les machine de lavage de sable en spirale forme un réservoir de sédimentation dans la partie inférieure du réservoir incliné. La tête de la vis est immergée dans le réservoir de sédimentation. Le moteur fait tourner la vis par l'intermédiaire du réducteur, et l'eau de nettoyage est acheminée depuis le fond du réservoir de sédimentation pour compléter le nettoyage, la déshydratation et la classification.

Les machine à laver les pierres (sable) en spirale is made of foreign advanced technology level, combined with domestic stone washing machine equipment, researched and developed new high-efficiency equipment, scientifically and rationally combines all components into one to ensure the integrity of the equipment, mainly used for construction sites, sand, and gravel. It is widely used in the desliming and screening of sand and gravel in factories, prefabrication plants, and hydropower construction sites, and can also be used in ore sorting operations. The spiral stone washing machine is suitable for processing materials with different fine- and coarse-grained specifications. The spiral stone washing machine uses a screw to propel the stones to separate them from water and soil, so the rocks are pretty clean after processing, and it is one of the more famous stone washing equipment.

Principe de fonctionnement

The spiral sand washing machine comprises a central shaft driven by a motor, a drum frame, a rotating threaded groove, and a metal screen. The steel bars connect the main shaft with the drum frame. A rotating threaded groove fixes the inner edge of the roller frame, a metal screen wraps the outer edge of the roller frame, and two water pipes go deep into the spiral cavity of the rotating thread groove. The spiral thread groove has a certain stroke length from the beginning to the end. When the stroke is completed, the cleaned stone has fully met or exceeded the national ministry standard. The mud and water washed from the rocks leak directly from the screen and flow into the sedimentation tank for sedimentation. The sedimented water can be pumped out again for recycling. The conveyor belt machine, the screening cylinder, and the screening washing cylinder are sequentially connected to the towable trailer for joint operation. There is a pair of meshing gears at both ends of the screen; the gears are integrated shafts, and the shaft is the transmission shaft of the motor. A couple of meshing bevel gears are installed on the gear shaft, a pulley is installed on the gear shaft, and the belt on the transmission shaft is driven. Pulley, the motor, which drives the whole machine to work. Four tugboats support the cleaning cylinder; the motor drives the reducer, and the large and small gears drive the cleaning cylinder to rotate at a low speed. The mud and stone powder aggregates are fed from the feed port and enter the rotating drum. The wear-resistant rubber liner installed at a certain angle in the cleaned drum is continuously lifted and thrown, and moves from the feed end to the discharge end. It is cycled multiple times and washed with forward or reverse flushing water during the process. The cleaned aggregate is screened and dehydrated by the discharge end drum sieve and then discharged. Wastewater containing sludge flows through the perforated baffle at the discharge or feed end.

Machine à laver les sables à godets sur roues

The wheel bucket sand washing machine (stone washing machine) is widely used in washing, grading, impurity removal, and other operations in metallurgy, building materials, hydropower, and other industries. It is suitable for washing fine-grained and coarse-grained materials. It is ideal for construction sand and road construction sand. The machine à laver le sable has a reasonable structure, convenient maintenance, large processing capacity, low power consumption, and high cleaning degree. A novel sealing structure, fully enclosed oil bath transmission device, and adjustable overflow weir plate ensure that this series of products is efficient, durable, has good cleaning and dehydrating effects, and produces stable fine-grained products.

La machine de lavage de sable à godet de roue comprend un godet de roue, une base de machine et un dispositif de transmission. La base de la machine supporte le godet à roues et le système de transmission et forme un réservoir de lavage de sable. Le sable soulevé par le godet à roues est évacué par le dispositif de transport.

Caractéristiques

1. La structure de la machine est simple, et le dispositif de roulement de l'entraînement de la roue est isolé de l'eau et des matériaux recevant de l'eau, ce qui évite considérablement les dommages dus à l'eau, au sable et aux polluants.
2. La machine à laver le sable (machine à laver les pierres) présente des avantages évidents par rapport à la machine à laver le sable traditionnelle à spirale lorsqu'elle est utilisée pour le lavage du sable dans le champ de gravier :

• The loss of medium-fine sand and stone powder is minimal. The gradation and fineness modulus of the washed construction sand meet the national standards of “Sand for Construction” and “Pebbles and Crushed Stones for Construction.”
• La machine ne comporte pratiquement aucune pièce d'usure, à l'exception du tamis.
• Longue durée de vie, pas d'entretien pendant longtemps.

Principe de fonctionnement

The motor and the reducer drive this type of sand washing machine (stone washing machine) to drive the impeller in the water tank to rotate circularly in the water tank so that the sand, gravel, or slag particles in the water tank are stirred and turned over in the water. Wash and discharge the water-receiving material after being dehydrated by the impeller.

The wheel bucket sand washing machine is a new type of water washing equipment in recent years. It can not only wash sand, but also wash stones, and it has a wide range of uses and a great social demand.

Machine à laver les pierres à tambour

The drum stone washing machine makes the stones collide, rub, and roll with the rotation of the drum and is sprayed with a high-pressure water gun, so the water demand is great, but the output is large.

Règles de sécurité pour l'utilisation des machines à laver les pierres

1. Avant de mettre la machine à laver les pierres en marche, faites tourner le rotor à la main pour vérifier que toutes les parties de la machine ne présentent pas d'anomalies.
2. L'unité utilisatrice doit installer un équipement de protection sur la courroie trapézoïdale conformément aux conditions spécifiques du site avant qu'elle ne puisse fonctionner.
3. Lorsque la machine à laver les pierres est en marche, il est interdit de la réparer et de la nettoyer, et il est strictement interdit de démarrer le moteur pour l'entretien.
4. Ne pas ajouter de pierres de matériau dépassant la taille spécifiée.
5. La machine doit tourner dans un sens fixe et non dans le sens inverse.
6. Lorsque la machine est en marche, si des vibrations ou des bruits anormaux se font entendre, arrêtez immédiatement l'alimentation. Lorsque le matériau contenu dans la boîte est épuisé, arrêtez immédiatement le moteur et inspectez-le, puis continuez à fonctionner après le dépannage. En cas d'urgence, arrêtez d'abord le moteur, retirez le matériau dans la chambre avant de démarrer la machine, et démarrez-la sans charge.
7. Le site de travail de la machine à laver les pierres ne doit pas être encombré d'objets divers et l'équipement d'éclairage doit être suffisant.

Conclusion

Selecting the right stone washing machine is crucial for improving production efficiency and ensuring finished product quality. Different types of washing equipment—such as spiral, wheel bucket, and drum stone washing machines—each have unique advantages, allowing for flexible configuration based on material characteristics, production scale, and environmental requirements. Meanwhile, strictly adhering to safety operating procedures and maintaining equipment regularly not only extends the machine’s lifespan but also ensures the safety of workers. With continuous technological advancements, modern stone washing equipment is evolving toward greater energy efficiency, intelligence, and reliability, providing a more dependable cleaning solution for the aggregate, mining, and construction industries.