How Many Types of Magnetic Separators?

Magnetic separation is an effective mineral processing method to separate the minerals based on the magnetism difference. Magnetic separator machine can effectively select a large number of magnetic minerals, such as magnetite, hematite, limonite, manganese siderite, wolframite, ilmenite, manganese ore, manganese carbonate, metallurgical manganese ore, iron ore, kaolin, manganese oxide ore, rare earth ore.

Wet type?
Fine particle and coarse particle?
Strong magnetic?
.
.
How many kinds of magnetic separators equipment?
Frankly, there are many classification methods of magnetic separator types, join us to solve the puzzle.

According to the state of the material, the magnetic separator is divided into dry type magnetic separator and wet type magnetic separator. Dry magnetic separator refers to the material keep dry, don’t need to mix with water in the magnetic separation process. The material for wet magnetic separator must be mixed with water or other media.

Structure

The dry magnetic separator generally does not need a tank for accommodating the slurry, and the material is conveyed by a vibrating feeding device, and a dustproof device is often provided. The wet magnetic separator has a tank to accommodate the slurry to maintain the fluidity of the material, and the pump is usually transported by a slurry pump.

Mineral size

Dry magnetic separation function for bulk, coarse particle separation, but also fine mineral separation, while wet magnetic separator can not sort large bulk minerals, most are effective for fine or even fine particles, except for a few models that can select coarse particle. HGMS (high gradient wet magnetic separator) can sort micron-sized materials using a suitable magnetically permeable medium.

Water requirements

Dry magnetic separator requires low water content, dry materials, good liquidity, do not adhesion, agglomeration.
The wet magnetic separation operation has certain requirements on the slurry concentration. There is no obvious limit on the concentration of coarse magnetic separation, but the material concentration should not be too low to effectively control the negative fluid force during the mineral processing operation. When magnetically selecting fine particles, the concentration is required to be high to ensure the recovery of magnetic minerals.

Advantages and application

Dry weak magnetic separators have features like a simple process, low investment, low water consumer. However, the bottleneck of the dry cylinder magnetic separator is that the dust is difficult to control, so as the environmental protection requirements become stricter, the dry type magnetic separation is gradually replaced by the wet weak magnetic separator. At present, the fine-grained dry magnetic separation machine is only used in the water shortage area and severe cold area.

According to the magnetic field strength, magnetic separator is divided into three types: weak magnetic separator (low intensity magnetic separator), medium magnetic separator and strong magnetic separator (high intensity magnetic separator).
The weak magnetic separator is from several hundred to 3000 Gs; the strong magnetic separator generally refers to 3000Gs to 6000 Gs, and the medium magnetic field magnetic separator between the two.

The reason why it is classified according to the strength of the magnetic field is related to the magnetic properties of various common minerals (another post – Magnetic Mineral Classification). However, it is necessary to know that there is no absolute standard for different magnetic strength and their matched equipment.

Magnetic field strength

In the actual magnetic separation machine, the magnetic field strength ranges from hundreds of Gauss to 20,000 Gauss, some even exceed 20,000 Gauss, but it is rarely used in general beneficiation production. Excessive magnetic field strength will lead to weak magnetic minerals to agglomerate that is not conducive to beneficiation. So the upper limit of the magnetic field strength of the strong magnetic separator is 20000Gs.

On the working surface of various magnetic separators, the magnetic field strength varies at different points and in different ranges, and the working magnetic field is a non-uniform magnetic field. Generally, the value of the magnetic field strength expressed refers to Max. magnetic strength, some factories may list the average value.

According to the type of magnetic field, the magnetic separator is divided into permanent magnet magnetic separator and electromagnetic magnetic separator.
The permanent magnet magnetic separator uses a permanent magnet material such as ferrite or neodymium iron boron to generate a working magnetic field, and the electromagnetic magnetic separator uses a magnet with a yoke, a solenoid, and a magnet to generate a magnetic field.

Magnetic field strength

The magnetic field strength of the permanent magnet magnetic separator is fixed, but the different action areas in the magnetic separation working surface can be designed to have different magnetic field strengths. The electromagnetic magnetic separator can adjust the whole magnetic field, but the magnetic field strength values in the working surface are a balanced, uniform magnetic field.

Power consumption

The magnetic energy of the permanent magnet magnetic separator is low, while the electromagnetic separation requires high energy consumption to generate the excitation current. The energy consumption per unit of the permanent magnetic separator is much lower than that of the electromagnetic magnetic separator.

According to the structure of the main working part of the magnetic separator, it is divided into cylindrical (drum) magnetic separator, roller magnetic separator, disc magnetic separator, ring magnetic separator, in addition, have rotor magnetic separator, belt magnetic separation, conical magnetic separator, but these types of magnetic separators have been used less.

According to the way the magnetic field strength changes:
1) Constant magnetic field magnetic separator. Using a permanent magnet material and a direct current electromagnet, a solenoid, or the like as a magnetic source, the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field strength do not change with time.
2) Alternating magnetic field magnetic separator. An electromagnet that is connected to an alternating current is used as a magnetic source. The magnitude and direction of the magnetic field strength changes over time.
3) Pulsating magnetic field magnetic separator. An electromagnet that simultaneously transmits direct current and alternating current is used as a magnetic source. The magnitude of the magnetic field varies with time, but the direction does not change. And pulse
Similar to the dynamic magnetic separator, the use of pulsating water flow causes the slurry to pulsate, affecting the sorting force of the magnetically selected mineral.
4) Rotating magnetic field magnetic separator. A magnet is used as the magnetic source, and the magnetic pole rotates around the axis. The magnitude and direction of the magnetic field strength changes over time.

According to whether the magnetic mineral is reversed in the magnetic field of the magnetic separator, it is divided into a mineral reversal magnetic separator and Nonreversal magnetic separator.
The mineral reversal magnetic separator can effectively improve the concentrate grade, and the Non-reversal magnetic separator can select the refractory weak magnetic minerals.

According to the minerals, it also can divide into such as magnetite magnetic separator, hematite magnetic separator, manganese ore magnetic separator, quartz sand magnetic separator, NdFeB magnet, nickel, etc.

In addition to the types listed above, there are many ways to classify magnetic separators. Although each manufacturer has a self-classification method, it lacks standards. In the magnetic separator model selection stage, most prefer using mixed name, such as the “hematite wet magnetic separator”, actually indicate that the sorting mineral is hematite, and the ore dressing method is wet type, but does not show us whether the magnetic separator is a permanent magnet type or an electromagnetic type, and neither indicate which magnetic separation structure the equipment is.

JXSC, 35 years Chinese magnetic separators manufacturer, provides laboratory use small machine, and industry use effective magnetic separators, widely used in the mining industry around the world (Successful cases in UK, South Africa, South Korea, Uganda, Pakistan, Zambia, Tanzania, India, Thailand and so on).
Contact us for more details about working principle, specification, price list, dealer and oversea supplier, troubleshooting solutions, operation and installation guidance, etc.